A chemical compound is a chemical substance made up of two or more different chemical components that chemical processes can separate into simpler molecules. Chemical compounds have a distinct and well-defined chemical composition; they are composed of a definite number of atoms bound together by chemical bonds in a specific spatial configuration.
Covalent bonds hold molecular compounds together, while ionic bonds hold salts together, metallic bonds contain intermetallic substances together, and coordinate covalent bonds hold complexes together. The chemical compounds, molecular weight and molecular formula, are listed below:
| Compound name | Molecular weight | Molecular formula |
| Acetic acid | 60.052 g/mol | CH3COOH |
| Acetate | 59.044 g/mol | CH3COO– |
| Nitric acid | 63.012 g/mol | HNO3 |
| Sulfuric acid | 98.072 g/mol | H2SO4 |
| Hydrochloric acid | 36.458 g/mol | HCl |
| Ammonia | 17.031 g/mol | NH3 |
| Sodium phosphate | 119.976 g/mol | Na3PO4 |
| Phosphoric acid | 97.994 g/mol | H3PO4 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 132.134 g/mol | (NH4)2SO4 |
| Calcium carbonate | 100.086 g/mol | CaCO3 |
| Silver nitrate | 169.872 g/mol | AgNO3 |
| Carbonic acid | 62.024 g/mol | H2CO3 |
Commonly used Chemical Compounds
Some commonly used chemical compounds in our daily lives are:
Sodium fluoride
Cavity prevention is accomplished with sodium fluoride. It makes the teeth healthier and more resistant to decay-causing acids and germs. It’s used to treat osteoporosis in adults, but it’s controversial, and more research is needed.
Sucrose
Sucrose is a disaccharide sugar, meaning it is composed of two monosaccharide sugar units. For sucrose, the two units are glucose and fructose. Sucrose is used as a sweetener in foodstuffs and soft drinks, syrup production, candy, preservation of jams, demulcents, medical items, and caramel. Sucrose also serves as a chemical carrier for emulsifiers, detergents and other saccharose derivatives.
Vinegar
Vinegar is a colourless solution containing 5-8 per cent acetic acid in water with a pH of about 2.4 composed by fermenting distilled alcohol. Vinegar has a variety of flavonoids, phenolic acids, and aldehydes that can be used in baking, cooking, pickling, and other applications.
Sodium nitrate
The chemical sodium nitrate (Chile saltpetre) comprises a sodium cation (Na+) and a nitrate anion (NO3–). Sodium nitrate is a white, crystalline substance that is highly soluble in water at room temperature. It is a type of salt that has been used for a long time to preserve food. It has a distinct flavour, controls lipid oxidation, and functions as an antimicrobial.
Acetamide
Acetamide is also known as Acetic acid amide or Ethanamide. Acetic acid amide is the most basic amides formed from acetic acid. As a plasticiser, it’s used. Acetamide is utilised as a co-monomer in producing polymeric products, including polyvinyl acetamide, a polymeric commodity used as an absorbent.
Phenol
Because phenol is so inexpensive, it is used in various small-scale activities. This substance is found in industrial paint strippers used in the aviation industry to reduce polyurethane, epoxy, and other chemically resistant coatings. Sunscreens, hair colouring, skin lightening preparations, and skin toners or exfoliators are all examples of phenol derivatives in cosmetics.
